![]() ![]() The book was published in both Latin and German, an unconventional decision that made the scientific text more accessible for non-university educated readers. 1650: Silesian astronomer Maria Cunitz published Urania Propitia, a work that both simplified and substantially improved Johannes Kepler's mathematical methods for locating planets.Bertereau had published two written works on the science of mining and metallurgy before being arrested. 1642: Martine Bertereau, the first recorded female mineralogist, was imprisoned in France on suspicion of witchcraft.She had to sit behind a screen so that her male fellow students would not see her. 1636: Anna Maria van Schurman is the first woman ever to attend university lectures.1609: French midwife Louise Bourgeois Boursier became the first woman to write a book on childbirth practices.ġ7th century German–Polish astronomer Elisabetha Koopman Hevelius German entomologist Maria Sibylla Merian 1590: After her husband's death, Caterina Vitale took over his position as chief pharmacist to the Order of St John, becoming the first female chemist and pharmacist in Malta.1572: Danish scientist Sophia Brahe (1556–1643) assisted her brother Tycho Brahe with his astronomical observations.1572: Italian botanist Loredana Marcello died from the plague – but not before developing several effective palliative formulas for plague sufferers, which were used by many physicians.The work included recipes for medicines, distilled oils and cosmetics, and was the only book published by a female alchemist in the 16th century. 1561: Italian alchemist Isabella Cortese published her popular book The Secrets of Lady Isabella Cortese.ġ6th century Danish scientist Sophia Brahe Early 14th century: Adelmota of Carrara was a physician in Padua, Italy.1159: The Alsatian nun Herrad of Landsberg (1130–1195) compiled the scientific compendium Hortus deliciarum.12th century: Hildegard of Bingen (1098–1179) was a founder of scientific natural history in Germany.12th century: Adelle of the Saracens taught at the Salerno School of Medicine.Early 12th century: The Italian medical practitioner Trota of Salerno compiled medical works on women's ailments and skin diseases.Early 12th century: Dobrodeia of Kiev (died 1131), a Rus' princess and Empress of the Eastern Roman Empire, was the first woman to write a treatise on medicine.10th century: Al-ʻIjliyyah manufactured astrolabes for the court of Sayf al-Dawla in Aleppo.She distilled perfumes, utilized an early form of the Soxhlet process to extract camphor into alcohol, and gained recognition for her skill in using mercury to extract silver from ores. 975 CE: Chinese alchemist Keng Hsien-Seng was employed by the Royal Court. Middle Ages Hildegard of Bingen and her nuns 3rd century CE: Cleopatra the Alchemist, an early figure in chemistry and practical alchemy, is credited as inventing the alembic.355–415 CE: Greek astronomer, mathematician and philosopher Hypatia became renowned as a respected academic teacher, commentator on mathematics, and head of her own science academy. 300–350 CE: Greek mathematician Pandrosion develops a numerical approximation for cube roots. 1st century CE: Mary the Jewess was among the world's first alchemists. ![]() She is credited with "the discovery of how to turn mercury into silver" – possibly the chemical process of boiling off mercury in order to extract pure silver residue from ores.
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